Single subduction zone for the generation of Devonian ophiolites and high‐P metamorphic belts of the Variscan Orogen (NW Iberia)     

Rubn Díez Fernndez  Ricardo Arenas  Sonia Snchez Martínez  Irene Novo‐Fernndez  Richard Albert 《地学学报》2020,32(4):239-245

Within the Variscan Orogen, Early Devonian and Late Devonian high‐P belts separated by mid‐Devonian ophiolites can be interpreted as having formed in a single subduction zone. Early Devonian convergence nucleated a Laurussia‐dipping subduction zone from an inherited lithospheric neck (peri‐Gondwanan Cambrian back‐arc). Slab‐retreat induced upper plate extension, mantle incursion and lower plate thermal softening, favouring slab‐detachment within the lower plate and diapiric exhumation of deep‐seated rocks through the overlying mantle up to relaminate the upper plate. Upper plate extension produced mid‐Devonian suprasubduction ocean floor spreading (Devonian ophiolites), while further convergence resulted in plate coupling and intraoceanic ophiolite imbrication. Accretion of the remaining Cambrian ocean heralded Late Devonian subduction of inner sections of Gondwana across the same subduction zone and the underthrusting of mainland Gondwana (culmination of NW Iberian allochthonous pile). Oblique convergence favoured lateral plate sliding, and explained the different lateral positions along Gondwana of terranes separated by Palaeozoic ophiolites.  相似文献   

古亚洲洋俯冲板片断离与后造山伸展：贺根山缝合带火山岩年代学和地球化学证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王金芳  李英杰  李红阳  董培培 《地质学报》2020,94(12):3561-3580

本文以出露于贺根山缝合带迪彦庙蛇绿混杂岩北侧的乌兰拜其白音高老组流纹岩- 粗面岩为研究对象，通过野外地质调查和岩石学、地球化学、锆石U- Pb年代学研究，探讨岩石成因类型、构造环境和古亚洲洋俯冲板片断离与后造山伸展过程。岩石地球化学研究表明, 乌兰拜其地区白音高老组流纹岩具有较高的SiO 2、Al 2O 3、K 2O和Na 2O+K 2O含量，以及较高的Ga/Al比值，相对贫CaO、MgO、Sr、Ba、Eu、Ti和P，稀土元素配分曲线为右倾海鸥式分布，负铕异常显著。该区粗面岩属于钾玄岩系列，具有高碱(Na 2O+K 2O)、高K 2O、高Al 2O 3、低TiO 2，富集Rb、Ba、U和轻稀土元素, 亏损 Nb、Ta 和 Ti，稀土元素配分曲线为右倾式分布。岩石学和岩石地球化学特征表明，乌兰拜其地区白音高老组流纹岩为迪彦庙- 白音布拉格蛇绿混杂岩带早白垩世后造山A型花岗岩浆的喷出相- A型流纹岩，其形成于后造山伸展构造环境；粗面岩为后造山型钾玄质火山岩，与洋壳俯冲作用有关，形成于俯冲板片断离- 后造山伸展构造背景。流纹岩和粗面岩锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb同位素测年，获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为140. 4±1. 2Ma和134. 9±1. 1Ma，表明白音高老组流纹岩- 粗面岩喷发于早白垩世，反映了贺根山缝合带早白垩世后造山A型花岗岩浆- 钾玄质岩浆作用事件。结合贺根山缝合带的壳幔电性结构特征和晚古生代蛇绿岩- 岛弧岩浆岩、中生代后造山A型岩浆岩的时空分布与演化关系，认为根山缝合带三叠纪- 早白垩世后造山伸展岩浆作用与古亚洲洋俯冲板片断离作用有关，提出了该区后造山A型花岗岩浆- 钾玄质岩浆作用的俯冲板片断离- 后造山伸展地球动力学模式。  相似文献   

川西高原地区岩石中硒的地球化学特征和影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨妍萍  刘晓端  刘久臣  汤奇峰  孟拓  朱晓华 《岩矿测试》2020,39(1):115-126

川西高原土壤、水体等多种介质研究表明,该地区的硒含量偏低,天然土壤剖面硒为0.06～0.16μg/g,表层土壤中硒含量为0.075～0.204μg/g,沉积物中硒含量为0.069～0.310μg/g,地表水中硒含量为nd～0.096μg/L,地下水中硒含量为nd～0.058μg/L,均低于我国相应环境介质中硒的平均含量,影响到当地人体健康。本文采集川西高原地区80件岩石样品,同时采集6套岩心样品,这些样品主要以板岩、砂岩、灰岩和页岩为主。采用原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定硒含量,研究川西高原阿坝地区岩石与岩心样品中硒的地球化学特征和低硒的影响因素。结果表明:岩石硒含量范围为0.030～0.282μg/g,平均值0.09μg/g,低于硒土壤背景值。不同类型岩石中的硒含量大小为:页岩灰岩板岩砂岩。岩石中硒含量在不同地区也表现出较大的差异:松潘阿坝壤塘马尔康九寨沟若尔盖红原,可能是受到岩石类型及有机质和地质环境的影响所致。岩心各剖面的硒含量最小值为0.02～0.07μg/g,最大值为0.21～0.34μg/g,平均值为0.06～0.17μg/g,各钻孔的硒含量明显低于硒的地壳丰度。本研究认为,硒的分布受地质环境、有机质、岩石致密性等条件限制,低硒的地质环境是导致岩石中的硒含量较低的最主要因素。  相似文献   

Phase equilibrium modelling of the amphibolite to granulite facies transition in metabasic rocks (Ivrea Zone,NW Italy)     

Barbara E. Kunz  Richard W. White 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2019,37(7):935-950

The development of thermodynamic models for tonalitic melt and the updated clinopyroxene and amphibole models now allow the use of phase equilibrium modelling to estimate P–T conditions and melt production for anatectic mafic and intermediate rock types at high‐T conditions. The Permian mid‐lower crustal section of the Ivrea Zone preserves a metamorphic field gradient from mid amphibolite facies to granulite facies, and thus records the onset of partial melting in metabasic rocks. Interlayered metabasic and metapelitic rocks allows the direct comparison of P–T estimates and partial melting between both rock types with the same metamorphic evolution. Pseudosections for metabasic compositions calculated in the Na₂O–CaO–K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O–TiO₂–O (NCKFMASHTO) system are presented and compared with those of metapelitic rocks calculated with consistent end‐member data and a–x models. The results presented in this study show that P–T conditions obtained by phase equilibria modelling of both metabasic and metapelitic rocks give consistent results within uncertainties, allowing integration of results obtained for both rock types. In combination, the calculations for both metabasic and metapelitic rocks allows an updated and more precisely constrained metamorphic field gradient for Val Strona di Omegna to be defined. The new field gradient has a slightly lower dP/dT which is in better agreement with the onset of crustal thinning of the Adriatic margin during the Permian inferred in recent studies.  相似文献   

Why asymptotic limit of the acid dissolution capacity can lead to a sharp dissolution front in chemical dissolution of porous rocks?          下载免费PDF全文

Chongbin Zhao  B.E. Hobbs  A. Ord 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(15):1590-1602

The use of the asymptotic limit can greatly simplify the theoretical analysis of chemical dissolution front instabilities in fluid‐saturated rocks and therefore make it possible to obtain mathematical solutions, which often play a crucial role in understanding the propagation behavior of chemical dissolution fronts in chemical dissolution systems. However, there has been a debate in recent years that the asymptotic limit of the acid dissolution capacity (i.e., the acid dissolution capacity number approaching zero) alone cannot lead to a sharp dissolution front of the Stefan type in the acidization dissolution system, in which the dissolvable minerals of carbonate rocks are chemically dissolved by the injected acid flow. The acid dissolution capacity number is commonly defined as the ratio of the volume of the carbonate rock dissolved by an acid to that of the acid. In this paper, we use four different proof methods, including (i) direct use of the fundamental concepts; (ii) use of the mathematical governing equations of an acidization dissolution system; (iii) use of the different time scaling approach; and (iv) use of a moving coordinate system approach, to demonstrate that the asymptotic limit of the acid dissolution capacity can indeed lead to sharp dissolution fronts of the Stefan type in acidization dissolution systems on a much larger time scale (than the dissolution time scale). Our new finding is that on the reaction time scale, the condition of the conventional time derivative of porosity approaching zero alone can ensure that the acidization dissolution front has a sharp shape of the Stefan type. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Variational analysis of dynamics of fissured poroelastic rocks     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

Rocks can be modeled in a continuum framework as fissured, poroelastic materials, i.e., materials with two degrees of porosity, one due to the fissures and another one due to the pores. The governing equations of motion of fissured poroelastic rocks established by Beskos are rederived here by establishing a variational statement which also provides the boundary conditions of the problem. This is accomplished by considering strain, dissipation and kinetic energies as well as the work of external forces. The above statement is also derived here by employing the method of weighted residuals.  相似文献   

Lower crustal melting via magma underplating: Elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic constraints from late Mesozoic intermediate–felsic volcanic rocks in the northeastern North China Block     

CHAOWEN LI  FENG GUO  WEIMING FAN 《Island Arc》2011,20(4):477-499

Ar–Ar dating, major and trace element analyses, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope results of two groups of Lower Cretaceous (erupted at 126 and 119 Ma, respectively) intermediate–felsic lava from the northeastern North China Block (NCB) suggest their derivation from melting of mixtures between the heterogeneous lower crust and underplated basalts. Both groups exhibit high‐K calc‐alkaline to shoshonitic affinities, characterized by light rare earth element (LREE) and large ion lithophile element (LILE) enrichment and variable high field strength element (HFSE, e.g. Nb, Ta and Ti) depletion, and moderately radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Nd and Pb isotopic compositions. Compared with Group 2, Group 1 rocks have relatively higher K₂O and Al₂O₃/(CaO + K₂O + Na₂O) in molar ratio, higher HFSE concentrations and lower Nb/Ta ratios, and higher Sr–Nd–Pb isotope ratios. Group 1 rocks were derived from a mixture of an enriched mantle‐derived magma and a lower crust that has developed radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Nd and Pb isotopic compositions, whereas the Group 2 magmas were melts of another mixture between the same mantle‐derived component and another type of lower crust having even lower Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios. Shift in source region from Group 1 to Group 2 coincided with a change in melting conditions: hydrous melting of both the underplated basalt and the lower crust produced the earlier high‐Nb and low‐Nb/Ta melts with little or no residual Ti‐rich phases; while the younger low‐Nb and high‐Nb/Ta magmas were melted under a water‐deficient system, in which Ti‐rich phases were retained in the source. Generation of the two groups of intermediate–felsic volcanic rocks was genetically linked with the contemporaneous magma underplating event as a result of lithospheric thinning in the eastern NCB.  相似文献   

班公湖-怒江缝合带西段改则硅质岩地球化学征及沉积环境   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

冯彩霞 《矿床地质》2011,30(5):773-786

班公湖-怒江缝合带是西藏第二条规模巨大的基性-超基性岩带.文章通过对该带西段改则地区硅质岩的系统地球化学研究,探讨了硅质岩形成的成因和构造背景.研究表明:①硅质岩的w(SiO2)变化范围在85.23％～93.73％之间,Si/Al比值为34.08～56.92,表明它们含有较高比例的陆源泥质沉积物;②Hf、Pb、Nb、T...  相似文献   

贝尔凹陷“源断势”对油成藏与分布的控制作用          下载免费PDF全文

付广  刘云燕 《地质科学》2011,46(4):1068-1078

为了研究贝尔凹陷源岩、断裂和势能场(简称“源断势”)控藏模式,采用油藏分布与源、断、势叠合方法,分别对油成藏、分布控制作用和控藏模式进行了研究,结果得到:1)南一段油源区控制着油藏形成与分布的范围;2)低势区控制着油聚集的部位;反向断裂翘倾隆起的低势区控制着南屯组和铜钵庙组油聚集成藏,反转构造低势区控制着大磨拐河组油聚...  相似文献   

东营凹陷古近系升藿烷生物标志物参数分布及演变规律     

陈中红  查明  金强  任拥军 《沉积学报》2011,29(1):173-183

为研究实际地质体或地质剖面中的C31到C3517α(H), 21β(H)升藿烷生物标志物构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)及升藿烷指数C35/∑（C31—C35)等的分布、演化特征,对东营凹陷主要烃源岩层系古近系沙河街组三段（淡水—微咸水层系）和沙河街组四段（咸水层系）的系列样品进行了研究,分析样品来源于1 300~4 000的暗色泥岩,其中2 800~4 000 m的样品对应于东营凹陷古近系烃源岩的生油初期到生油晚期。研究结果表明,C31、C32、C33、C34、C35升藿烷（17α(H), 21β(H)）构型转化参数的分布除与异构体之间的手性碳立体构型转化作用有关外,不同异构体之间降解或裂解速率和新生成速率的差异也是其主要控制因素,沉积环境（如高盐环境）也在一定程度上影响了其分布;从未熟—低熟状态到成熟状态,相关升藿烷构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)总体均表现出随埋藏深度增大而加大的特点,并从离散状态聚集到热演化的平衡状态附近;在到达成熟状态后,相关升藿烷的构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)从缓慢增大过渡到一个持续的热演化平衡状态,并且该构型转化参数的热演化平衡状态对应于生油门限附近;在高盐环境中除C33升藿烷保持不变的热演化平衡状态外,其它升藿烷均呈现不同幅度的逆转特征,表明高含量的盐类矿物对升藿烷成熟度参数亦具有抑制作用或迟缓效应;C31、C32、C33、C34、C3517α升藿烷之间的22S/(22S+22R)分布型式复杂多变,其中对于成熟源岩样品,C35升藿烷22S/(22S+22R)值变化强烈,表现出“翘尾”状的上升型特征和“坠尾”状的下降型特征,而对于低熟—未熟样品, C32升藿烷的22S/(22S+22R)显示相对高值,并且多数样品显示为C31C33C35的偶数碳优势的特征;研究显示C31到C33升藿烷的构型转化参数S/(S+R)热演化平衡值均为0.6,而C34 S/(S+R)及C35S/(S+R)热演化平衡值相对较高,沙三段、沙四段的C34 S/(S+R)及沙四段的C35S/(S+R)分别达到0.63、0.62、0.65;升藿烷指数C35/∑（C31—C35)受热演化影响也比较明显,在生油期间随着埋藏深度增加而减小,在高盐环境中表现出相对高值,研究表明该指数的变化与其22R异构体演化有关,并且参数C31/∑（C31—C35）、C32/∑（C31—C35）、C33/∑（C31—C35）、C34/∑（C31—C35）、C35/∑（C31—C35)演化特征截然不同。  相似文献